Who was the founder of Khwarazm empire?
commander Anushtegin Gharchai
The dynasty was founded by commander Anushtegin Gharchai, a former Turkic slave of the Seljuq sultans, who was appointed as governor of Khwarazm. His son, Qutb ad-Din Muhammad I, became the first hereditary Shah of Khwarazm.
Who defeated Mongols in Iran?
Il-Khanid dynasty, also spelled Ilkhanid also called Il-Khan, or Ilkhan, Mongol dynasty that ruled in Iran from 1256 to 1335. Il-khan is Persian for “subordinate khan.” Hülegü, a grandson of Genghis Khan, was given the task of capturing Iran by the paramount Mongol chieftain Möngke.
Who is Muhammad Ala?
Muhammad was the prophet and founder of Islam. Most of his early life was spent as a merchant. At age 40, he began to have revelations from Allah that became the basis for the Koran and the foundation of Islam. By 630 he had unified most of Arabia under a single religion.
Who was Sultan Jalaluddin Khwarazm?
He was the son and successor of Ala ad-Din Muhammad II. He is best known as the nemesis of and a heroic fighter against the Mongol Empire and credited with halting the Mongol expansions into the Levant, Anatolia and Baghdad by at least a decade. He is considered the mighty wall between the Mongol Empire and the West.
What did the Mongols do to take Samarkand?
The Mongols conquered Samarkand in 1220. Although Genghis Khan “did not disturb the inhabitants [of the city] in any way,” Juvaini writes that Genghis killed all who took refuge in the citadel and the mosque, pillaged the city completely, and conscripted 30,000 young men along with 30,000 craftsmen.
How many Persians were killed by the Mongols?
According to the works of the Iranian historian Rashid al-Din (1247–1318), the Mongols killed more than 700,000 people in Merv and more than 1,000,000 in Nishapur. The total population of Persia may have dropped from 2,500,000 to 250,000 as a result of mass extermination and famine.
How were the Mongols stopped?
In 1304, the three western khanates briefly accepted the rule of the Yuan Dynasty in name, but when the Dynasty was overthrown by the Han Chinese Ming Dynasty in 1368, and with increasing local unrest in the Golden Horde, the Mongol Empire finally dissolved.
Where is Khwarezm in the Middle East?
Khwarezm /kwəˈrɛzəm/ or Chorasmia /kəˈræzmiə/ (Persie: خوارزم) is a lairge oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in wastren Central Asie, bordered on the north bi the (umwhile) Aral Sea, on the east bi the Kyzylkum desert, on the sooth bi the Karakum desert, an on the wast bi the Ustyurt Plateau.
Where is the Khwarazm oasis in Central Asia?
Khwarazm / kwəˈrɛzəm /, or Chorasmia / kəˈræzmiə / ( Persian: خوارزم , Xwârazm or Xârazm ), is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum desert, on the south by the Karakum desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau.
Who was the founder of the Khwarazmian Empire?
The Khwarazmian Empire was a Turco – Persian empire which existed from 1077 to 1231, with Urgench serving as its capital. It was founded by the Mameluke commander Anush Tigin Gharchai, a Turkic slave general and Governor of Khwarazm who broke away from the Seljuk Empire and founded the Khwarazmian Empire.
Who is the most famous scientist of Khwarazm?
The famous scientist Al-Biruni, a Khwarezm native, in his Athar ul-Baqiyah, specifically verifies the Iranian origins of Khwarezmians when he wrote (in Arabic): أهل خوارزم […] کانوا غصناً من دوحة الفرس