What is cartilage tissue engineering?

What is cartilage tissue engineering?

Cartilage tissue engineering uses a combination of biocompatible scaffold material, cells, and growth factors to achieve a cartilage-like tissue that has similar biomechanical properties as a native cartilage.

What is tissue engineering Slideshare?

INTRODUCTION :  Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions.

What are the tissues that make up cartilage?

Cartilage is made up of specialized cells called chondrocytes. These chondrocytes produce large amounts of extracellular matrix composed of collagen fibres, proteoglycan, and elastin fibers.

What is the histology of cartilage?

Cartilage is a connective tissue structure that is composed of a collagen and proteoglycan-rich matrix and a single cell type: the chondrocyte. Cartilage is unique among connective tissues in that it lacks blood vessels and nerves and receives its nutrition solely by diffusion [1].

Why is cartilage tissue engineering important?

In orthopedic applications, the engineered cartilage is usually used to repair defects in an articular joint or in a meniscus in order to restore the joint’s load-bearing function and relieve pain.

Why is cartilage used in tissue engineering?

Most cartilage tissues in vivo are subjected to large mechanical loads, and its principal function is to provide a smooth and lubricated surface to facilitate the transmission of mechanical loads with a low frictional coefficient. As a result, cartilage tissues are easily injured.

What is meant by tissue engineering?

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary science that involves the use of biological sciences and engineering to develop tissues that restore, maintain, or enhance tissue function. One of the major obstacles in engineering tissue constructs for clinical use is the limit of available human cells.

What are the three main components of tissue engineering?

Tissue engineering (TE) is a newly emerging field of science that has great potential to reduce these clinical issues. There are three main components in TE including cells, biomaterials, and signals. Choosing the best combination of these components is a vital decision in a TE process.

Why is cartilage a tissue?

Cartilage is a form of connective tissue in which the ground substance is abundant and of a firmly gelated consistency that endows this tissue with unusual rigidity and resistance to compression. The cells of cartilage, called chondrocytes, are isolated in small lacunae within the matrix.

What cells are in elastic cartilage?

Cartilage is made up of specialised cartilage cells called chondrocytes. In elastic cartilage, they are organised into elastic fibers, which make up a threadlike network or matrix. This matrix is composed of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans and multiadhesive glycoproteins.

What are three functions of cartilage?

The most important functions of cartilage include:

  • Cartilage gives shape, support, and structure to other body tissues.
  • It also helps to cushion joints.
  • Cartilage also smoothens the bone surfaces at the joints.
  • It is essential for the development and growth of long bones.

Where is cartilage tissue function?

Cartilage helps keep the trachea open and flexible. Cartilage in the weight-bearing joints such as the vertebrae, knees and hips absorb impact from movement, and help disperse the body weight. Cartilage cushions all the joints, allows gliding movement, and reduces friction between bones.

What are the functions of cartilage due to ECM?

Functions of cartilage  Due to ECM, it allows the tissue to bear mechanical stress  In respiratory tracts, ears, nose, cartilage forms framework supporting soft tissues  Cartilage provides shock absorbing and sliding regions with in joints and facilitate bone movements due to smooth lubricated surface and resilency 4.

Which is an example of a tissue engineering application?

19. Tissue engineering covers a broad range of applications, in practice the term has come to represent applications that repair or replace structural tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, etc). These are tissues that function by virtue of their mechanical properties. A closely related (and older) field is cell transplantation.

What are the 3 types of cartilage in the body?

CARTILAGE Cartilage is a specialized type of C.T. with a rigid matrix. Cartilage is nonvascular. 3 Types: Hyaline cartilage. Elastic cartilage. Fibrocartilage.

How are living cells used in tissue engineering?

PROCESS OF TISSUE ENGINEERING (1)Start building material (e.g., extracellular matrix, biodegradable polymer). (2) Shape it as needed. (3) Seed it with living cells . (4) Bathe it with growth factors. (5) Cells multiply & fill up the scaffold & grow into three-dimensional tissue.