What does high affinity low capacity mean?
In general, high-affinity ligand binding results from greater attractive forces between the ligand and its receptor while low-affinity ligand binding involves less attractive force. Ligands that bind to a receptor but fail to activate the physiological response are receptor antagonists.
What does low affinity for glucose mean?
With a lower affinity transporter, glucose will not be taken up immediately by the liver/pancreas while reserving for the high glucose demanding organs (e.g brain, neurons, red blood cells). Therefore, if one were to inherit such disease, extreme hypoglycemia may occur.
What does high affinity for glucose mean?
Facilitated diffusion The Km value (an indicator of the affinity of the transporter protein for glucose molecules; a low Km value suggests a high affinity) of the GLUT1 and GLUT3 proteins is 1mM; therefore GLUT1 and GLUT3 have a high affinity for glucose and uptake from the bloodstream is constant.
Is lower affinity good?
When proteins bind their cognate receptors on the cell surface, signalling cascades are set in motion. Evidence indicates that when the receptor–ligand complex dissociates in the endosome, both the ligand and receptor are more likely to be recycled to the cell surface. …
What does high capacity for glucose mean?
Hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) means there is too much sugar in the blood because the body lacks enough insulin. Associated with diabetes, hyperglycemia can cause vomiting, excessive hunger and thirst, rapid heartbeat, vision problems and other symptoms. Untreated hyperglycemia can lead to serious health problems.
What does low affinity do?
Lower affinity can enhance uptake by reducing substrate efflux. (A) Illustration of the reduced-efflux hypothesis. Left panel: A high affinity of the transporter will cause both the inward facing and the outward facing binding sites of the transporter to be saturated with substrate.
Why does GLUT 2 have low affinity?
Glucose Transporter 2 GLUT2 has 55% amino acid identity with sequences of GLUT1, and it has a similar structure and orientation in the plasma membrane. The most characteristic feature of this isoform is its uniquely high Km for glucose (~17 mM), resulting in very low affinity for glucose.
Does high affinity mean high specificity?
The factors that lead to high-affinity binding are a good fit between the surfaces of the two molecules in their ground state and charge complementarity. Exactly the same factors give high specificity for a target. We argue that selection for high-affinity binding automatically leads to highly specific binding.
Why is lower affinity better?
What does higher affinity mean?
Some drugs have high affinity and high efficacy. This means they bind the receptor with a great desire and activate the receptor to do its job really well.