What is the purpose of collar ties?
A collar tie is a tension tie in the upper third of opposing gable rafters that is intended to resist rafter separation from the ridge beam during periods of unbalanced loads, such as that caused by wind uplift, or unbalanced roof loads from snow.
What is the purpose of collar ties and where are they located?
Collar Ties are horizontal timber beams between the rafters that stop the rafters spreading. The downwards loads of roof coverings tend to spread the rafters and push the tops of the house wall outwards.
What is the origin of the priest’s collar?
It is believed that The Reverend Donald Mcleod invented the detachable clerical collar as reported in 1909 Who’s Who of Glasgow where he was a minister at the time. Anglican clergy had developed a sense of separation between themselves and the secular world in 1840.
What purpose does a collar beam serve in a roof framed with rafters and ceiling joists?
The most common reason for installing collar ties is to prevent rafters from spreading apart under load. However, in a conventionally framed peaked roof, like the kind you describe, collar ties would probably serve little or no function, since the attic floor joists serve as ties to prevent the rafters from spreading.
How often are collar ties required and where are they placed?
Collar ties must be fitted to every second pair of common rafters.
Why does a priest wear a biretta?
According to the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia, “It was formerly the rule that a priest should always wear it in giving absolution in confession, and it is probable that the ancient usage which requires an English judge assume the ‘black cap’ in pronouncing sentence of death is of identical origin.”
Are collar ties needed?
Collar ties are necessary to prevent separation of the roof at the ridge due to wind uplift. Rafter ties are required by code, unless the house is designed so that the walls or a structural ridge beam carries the full load of the roof.
Why do you need collar ties on rafters?
A. The most common reason for installing collar ties is to prevent rafters from spreading apart under load.
Why do people wear collars in the church?
Some wearers of collars claim the symbol can be used to start conversations with unbelievers. This, to me, is a lame reason… we can witness at any time, with or without a collar. Others wear another symbol – crosses, as lapel badges, or on chains.
Where did the white clerical collar come from?
The origin of the modern clerical collar is simply then to turn or fold the collar down over the clerical cravat, leaving the white cloth exposed in the middle. According to the Glasgow Herald of December 6,1894, the folded down detachable clerical collar was invented by the Rev Dr Donald McLeod, a Presbyterian minister in the Church of Scotland.
What kind of collar do Presbyterians wear?
Some wore what looks like a modern rabat with a collarette (a black vest which closes at the top with a bit of white collar revealed all around). Others wore bow ties or neck ties. The conclusion to be drawn is that in the Presbyterian tradition, there has been diversity of clerical dress without any type enforced over the other.