What is NLRC4 Inflammasome?
NLRC4 EFFECTOR MECHANISMS. Activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome appears to activate several different host signaling events. NLRC4 was first identified as potential nucleotide binding protein that was capable of activating CASP1, the primary protease responsible for converting pro-IL-1β to active, secreted IL-1β2, 28.
What is the meaning of Inflammasome?
Definition. The inflammasome is a multiprotein intracellular complex that detects pathogenic microorganisms and sterile stressors, and that activates the highly pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1b (IL-1b) and IL-18. Inflammasomes also induce a form of cell death termed pyroptosis.
What does NLRC4 stand for?
NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 4
NLRC4 (NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 4) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with NLRC4 include Familial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome 4 and Autoinflammation With Infantile Enterocolitis.
Why is formation of the inflammasome so important in the innate immune response?
As an important arm of innate immunity, one of the most outstanding functions of inflammasomes is to detect and sense a variety of endogenous or exogenous, sterile or infectious stimuli that are encountered within the cell, and to induce cellular responses and effector mechanisms.
What is the purpose of inflammasome?
The inflammasomes are innate immune system receptors and sensors that regulate the activation of caspase-1 and induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes and molecules derived from host proteins. They have been implicated in a host of inflammatory disorders.
What does the inflammasome consist of?
The inflammasome consists of caspsase-1 enzyme, caspase-5 enzyme, Pycard/Asc, and NAPL1, a Pyrin domain-carrying protein which shares a structural homology with NODs (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors).
What causes inflammasome?
Inflammasome formation is triggered by a range of substances that emerge during infections, tissue damage or metabolic imbalances. Once the protein complexes have formed, the inflammasomes activate caspase 1, which proteolytically activates the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β)3 and IL-18.
What is the inflammasome and how is it stimulated?
Function. Assembly of the pyrin inflammasome is triggered by bacterial toxins as well as effector proteins via the detection of pathogen-dirven disturbances in cytoskeleton dynamics. More specifically, pyrin detects inactivation of the Rho GTPase RHOA by these bacterial factors.
What is the meaning of pyroptosis?
Pyroptosis is a highly inflammatory form of lytic programmed cell death that occurs most frequently upon infection with intracellular pathogens and is likely to form part of the antimicrobial response.
What is inflammasome activation?