How serious is squamous cell carcinoma in the rectum?
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the rectum is a very rare malignancy, accounting for approximately 0.10-0.25 per 1,000 colorectal neoplasms [1]. Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 associated SCC of the rectum is an exceedingly rare malignancy.
What is squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma?
Carcinomas are divided into two major subtypes: adenocarcinoma, which develops in an organ or gland, and squamous cell carcinoma, which originates in the squamous epithelium. Adenocarcinomas generally occur in mucus membranes and are first seen as a thickened plaque-like white mucosa.
What causes squamous cell colorectal cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma can be seen in association with inflammatory and infectious processes involving the colon and rectum, such as ulcerative colitis, Schistosomiasis, Entamoeba histolytica and human papilloma virus (HPV) (4).
What is the treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum?
Rectal cancer treatment often involves a combination of therapies. When possible, surgery is used to cut away the cancer cells. Other treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, may be used after surgery to kill any cancer cells that remain and reduce the risk that cancer will return.
Is a squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum?
Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum is a rare malignancy. It appears to be associated with chronic inflammatory conditions and infections. The clear association seen between Human Papilloma Virus and various squamous cancers has not been firmly established for the squamous cell cancer of the rectum.
What is the prognosis for squamous cell cancer?
Squamous cell lung cancer usually is diagnosed after the disease has spread. The overall prognosis for squamous cell lung cancer is poor; only about 16% of patients survive five years or longer. The survival rate is higher if the disease is detected and treated early.
What are the stages of squamous cell cancer?
Stages Of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma (skin cancer) is categorized into several stages depending on the depth, location, and state of the tumor. While Stage 0 precancerous growths are restricted to their site of origin, Stage III and IV cancer spread to other organs in the body.
What causes squamous cell carcinoma and does it spread?
A lot of sun damage usually causes squamous cell carcinoma on the skin. This type of skin cancer tends to grow and spread more than basal cell cancers. In rare cases, it may spread to the lymph nodes.
Can squamous cell carcinoma be cured completely?
Unfortunately, there’s no guaranteed cure for squamous cell carcinoma. However, treatments may make it possible to completely remove the cancer, especially if it’s caught early.