What is the first line evaluation for vulvovaginal candidiasis?
Vulvovaginal candidiasis can be diagnosed by visualization of yeast hyphae on potassium hydroxide preparation (Figure 214) in a woman with typical symptoms.
What is PUQE score?
The Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) is a scoring system to quantify the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). Based on quantification of the 3 physical symptoms of NVP (nausea, vomiting and retching), PUQE closely correlates with the validated but much more complex Rhodes’ score.
How do you test for vulvovaginitis?
Your doctor might collect a sample of cervical or vaginal discharge for lab testing to confirm what kind of vaginitis you have. Perform pH testing. Your doctor might test your vaginal pH by applying a pH test stick or pH paper to the wall of your vagina.
How do you test if you have BV?
Your doctor may examine the vaginal secretions under a microscope, looking for “clue cells,” vaginal cells covered with bacteria that are a sign of bacterial vaginosis. Test your vaginal pH. Your doctor may check the acidity of your vagina by placing a pH test strip in your vagina.
What is uncomplicated VVC?
Uncomplicated VVC is most effectively treated with local azoles. Oral treatment with a single dose of fluconazole is also effective for treating uncomplicated VVC. Treatment of complicated VVC is prolonged and most commonly consists of multiple doses of oral fluconazole or at least 1 week of local azoles.
What is uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis?
Uncomplicated vaginal candidiasis (defined as three or fewer episodes per year) with mild to moderate symptoms, most likely caused by C. albicans, and occurring in an immunocompetent host, is treated with a single dose of oral fluconazole or a variety of topical antifungal agents, typically for 1 to 3 days.
What is the cause of hyperemesis gravidarum?
What causes hyperemesis gravidarum? The condition might be caused by rapidly rising serum levels of hormones such as HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and estrogen.
What does PUQE mean?
No single measure can easily define, quantify or evaluate the treatment of hyperemesis, but an English pregnancy specific questionnaire PUQE (Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis) has been developed in order to assess the severity of emesis (nausea and vomiting) in pregnancy [7].
What is ECS test?
Endocervical culture is a laboratory test that helps identify infection in the female genital tract.
What is HVS test in pregnancy?
The HVS test is a general-purpose test often used when a woman has vaginal symptoms, where the doctor or midwife wants to investigate further. Samples are taken, usually from high up in the vagina, using a swab (which looks like an overgrown cotton bud) which are then processed on an agar plate in a laboratory.
Can you test yourself for BV?
Research has shown that most women perform self-tests correctly and that results from home tests are reasonably accurate. To determine whether a person has BV, at-home tests may check the pH level of the vagina. The pH level is one of four criteria that doctors use to confirm a diagnosis.
Can you test for BV with urine?
In some studies, vaginal swabs are not collected, and first-void urine (FVU) may be the only material from which BV can be diagnosed. In most settings, pregnant women are traditionally screened for glucose and leukocytes in urine, and thus urine would be easy to collect for BV studies.
What is the quality control of a suppository?
Suppository quality control includes physi- cal and chemical aspects of the product (Box 9.1). Physical analysis includes visual examina- tion (physical appearance), uniformity of weight, uniformity of texture, melting point, liquefac- tion time, melting and solidiļ¬cation time, and mechanical strength.
Which is the best suppository to take during pregnancy?
In the majority of cases, two suppositories are administered and these are glycerin and progesterone. Glycerin suppositories during pregnancy. When a pregnant woman suffers from severe constipation, in that case glycerin suppository is the best remedy.
What are stability considerations in dispensing practice for suppositories?
Stability considerations in dispensing practice for suppositories also include observations on excessive softening and oil stains on packaging. Compounded suppositories can be checked for calculations of theoretical and actual weight and weight variation,color,hardness, surface texture, and overall appearance.
Why are Glycerin suppositories so effective during pregnancy?
Glycerin suppositories are very effective since they are hyperosmotic laxatives that irritate the stomach lining in order to increase the amount of fluid. This fluid then lubricates the intestine and having bowel movements becomes much easier very quickly.