What is the Juxtaglomerular complex?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus (also known as the juxtaglomerular complex) is a structure in the kidney that regulates the function of each nephron, the functional units of the kidney. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is named because it is next to (juxta-) the glomerulus.
What is the Juxtaglomerular complex and what is its function?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. It is located near the vascular pole of the glomerulus and its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.
What is the function of a Juxtaglomerular cell?
The afferent arteriole in this region contains specialised secretory cells (smooth muscle cells) called juxtaglomerular cells, that secrete renin. These cells do two things: They monitor blood pressure, by measuring how much the arteriole wall is stretched.
What is juxtaglomerular cells?
Juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells), also known as granular cells are cells in the kidney that synthesize, store, and secrete the enzyme renin. They are specialized smooth muscle cells mainly in the walls of the afferent arterioles (and some in the efferent arterioles) that deliver blood to the glomerulus.
What is the juxtaglomerular complex quizlet?
juxtaglomerular complex. Definition. consists of specialized cells that secrete renin when glomerular blood pressure decreases. Location. Term.
What substances are released by the juxtaglomerular complex?
The juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin, and as specialised smooth muscle cells surrounding the afferent arteriole also have the capacity to affect the perfusion of the glomerulus.
What are the three parts of the Juxtaglomerular complex?
The main components of the JGA are the macula densa of the thick ascending limb, the renin-producing granular cells of the afferent arteriole, and the extraglomerular mesangial cell (Goormaghtigh cell, lacis cell; Figure 47.3).
What structural modification of certain tubule cells enhances their ability to reabsorb substances?
What structural modification of certain tubule cells enhances their ability to reabsorb substances from the filtrate? The dense microvilli, especially the PCT cells.
What are foot processes?
The foot processes are the adhesive apparatus of podocytes that allow attachment to the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Foot processes interdigitate with those of the neighboring podocytes. The primary processes are the connecting structure between the cell body and the foot processes.
Which of the following is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular complex?
Which of the following is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular complex? releases chemical signals that regulate the rate of filtrate formation; The macula densa cells and granular cells of the juxtaglomerular complex (JGC) release, respectively, vasoactive chemicals and renin.
What is the difference between a cortical and a Juxtaglomerular nephron?
Cortical nephrons have a short loop of Henle, which penetrates only the outer renal medulla. Juxtamedullary nephrons have a long loop of Henle extending deep into the renal medulla. The juxtamedullary nephrons concentrate or dilute urine.
What is the most direct function of the Juxtaglomerular apparatus?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus functions to maintain blood pressure and to act as a quality control mechanism to ensure proper glomerular flow rate and efficient sodium reabsorption. The urethra extends from the bladder to the surface of the body. It consists of an epithelium-lined lumen and a smooth muscle layer.
What kind of cells are in the juxtaglomerular complex?
juxtaglomerular apparatus, juxtaglomerular complex. a group of structures adjoining a renal glomerulus and which includes afferent and efferent arterioles, macula densa, extraglomerula mesangium and the juxtaglomerular cells (modified afferent arteriolar smooth muscle cells).
Where is the juxtaglomerular region located?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. It is located near the vascular pole of the glomerulus and its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.
How does the juxtaglomerular apparatus reduce blood pressure?
In response to elevated sodium, the macula densa cells trigger contraction of the afferent arteriole, reducing flow of blood to the glomerulus and the glomerular filtration rate. The juxtaglomerular cells, derived from smooth muscle cells, of the afferent arteriole secrete renin when blood pressure in the arteriole falls.
How is renin secreted in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
The juxtaglomerular cells, derived from smooth muscle cells, of the afferent arteriole secrete renin when blood pressure in the arteriole falls. Renin increases blood pressure via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.