What is the main function of the class II MHC molecule?
The main function of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules is to present processed antigens, which are derived primarily from exogenous sources, to CD4(+) T-lymphocytes. MHC class II molecules thereby are critical for the initiation of the antigen-specific immune response.
What is the role of major histocompatibility complex protein class II?
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II proteins play a pivotal role in the adaptive branch of the immune system. Both classes of proteins share the task of presenting peptides on the cell surface for recognition by T cells.
What is MHC class II deficiency?
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II deficiency is a rare and fatal primary combined immunodeficiency. It affects both marrow-derived cells and thymic epithelium, leading to impaired antigen presentation by antigen presenting cells and delayed and incomplete maturation of CD4+ lymphocyte populations.
How many MHC Class 2 genes are there?
In humans, there are three MHC class II isotypes: HLA-DR, HLA-DP, and HLA-DQ, encoded by α and β chain genes within the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) locus on chromosome 6.
What is major histocompatibility complex II?
MHC Class II molecules are a class of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules normally found only on professional antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, mononuclear phagocytes, some endothelial cells, thymic epithelial cells, and B cells. These cells are important in initiating immune responses.
What is the purpose of the major histocompatibility complex MHC?
The function of MHC molecules is to bind peptide fragments derived from pathogens and display them on the cell surface for recognition by the appropriate T cells.
Which best describes the role of the major histocompatibility complex protein?
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes that encode proteins on the cell surface that have an important role in immune response. Their main role is in antigen presentation where MHC molecules display peptide fragments for recognition by appropriate T-cells.
What causes MHC II deficiency?
MHC class II deficiency (also known as bare lymphocyte syndrome, type II) is caused by inherited defects in at least one of the four transacting regulatory genes CIITA, RFXANK, RFX5 and RFXAP that are required for transcription of MHC class II genes.
What causes MHC deficiency?
MHC class I deficiency is a primary immunodeficiency in which both innate and adaptive immune systems are compromised because of the effects of absent MHC class I on CD8+ T-cell and natural killer (NK)-cell development and function. The most frequent cause of MHC class I deficiency is loss of the TAP1 or TAP2 proteins.
Which of the following MHC class II genes has the most alleles most polymorphic?
HLA-B are confirmed to be the most polymorphic gene in the human genome (Mungall et al., 2003). Fifteen years ago, the allele numbers were only 1257, but the numbers have recently increased by approximately 2000–3000 allele sequences each year mainly due to the development of sequencing technology such as NGS.